算法的終點

【Note】

Zi Cheng said: “The Master’s articles can be heard” (the title of the article is cited in “The Book of Songs·Public Ethics”). This “article” is the same as Confucius’ “article” in “The Book of Beauty” (Taibo), which refers to the principles and systems of managing communities. Since this “article” can be heard by Ziying at that time, we can also use the relevant chapters of “The Book of Songs” to follow the later Confucians’ pursuit and restore Confucius’ original aspirations. In “Theory”, Confucius’s political system has three types of change, normal and fantasy [①], and his “article” also developed in two levels: one is to criticize the age of the political system and return to the normal political system in the Western Zhou Dynasty; the other is to exceed the Zhou system and enter the fantasy political system in the Tang and Yu Dynasty.. In this regard, try to find out the details.

1. “Strictly correct” – criticism of age and determination of Western Zhou Dynasty

This is well known to everyone, but its path can be seen from the perspective of politics and governance. Political principles refer to the definition of everything and operation of public power, and governance principles refer to the specific construction of political principles and reorganization.

(I) Criticism of age

Confucius criticized the changing political system of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and then criticized it. This can be seen from the following two.

1. In terms of political affairs, criticize his usurpation and usurpation. First, the Zhou Emperor removed the position of the Communist Party of China. Gong Zheng said, “The royal family is humble, and the son of Zhou, Sun, lost his preface” and said, “The sky has been virtuous after Zhou is virtuous” (“Zuo Yu·The 11th Year of the King of Duke Xu”), so the Chu and Wu Xiang usurped the king’s name, and even the Zheng people shot their shoulders (“Zuo Yu·The 6th Year of Duke Huan”) and the Chu Zi asked for the tripod (“Zuo Yu·The 3rd Year of Duke Xuan”). Second, the political power has collapsed, and the following are the most frequent occurrences, “There are ministers who have the king, and the sons who have the fathers who have the fathers” (Mencius, Teng Wengong II). A gift of tribute comes from the marquis, such as “Guan Zhong Jiuhe marquis” (“Qingqiu”). Two, the various countries usurped their deeds. For example, when the country is in a state of war, father and son are fighting each other (Shuer) and the stern is “Jin Hengshi” (“Ying Qu”). The three great men usurped the powers and the officials took charge of the powers. If the three Huans usurped the powers, there should be six ministers who were responsible for the powers. Four followers of the country were governed by the ministers, such as Lu Zhizang Wuzhong who “was to prevent the king from seeking the king” (“Yangqiu”), “The Gongshan is not stolen by the side of the bus” (“Yangqiu”), and there was always “The Buddha’s stolen by the side of the bus” (“Yangqiu”). “Shi Ji” summarizes this saying, “The kings are thirty-six, and the country is 52, and the marquis are busy and cannot protect their country, and they will not be able to win the victory” (“Preface to the Tai Shi Gong”).

2. In terms of governance, criticism of the death of the severity is severe. First, the gifts collapsed. “Weizi” says: “The big teacher is suitable for the folds, the Asian master is suitable for the Chu, the three farms are suitable for the Cai, the four farms are insufficient for the Qin, the drums are suitable for the Qin, the drums are in the river, the boasts are in the Han, and the young master is in the Yang and the chimes are in the sea.” This chapter describes in depth and vividly this era of tribute collapse and the flowers and fruits are in the zero. The “Speech” has a lot of notes about this gift, such as Duke Lu Zhao married the same surname (Shuer), the three Huans used “Yong Cai” (Bao Qi Yi), the Ji family “danced the Eight Cai” (Bao Qi Yi Yi), “traveling Mount Tai” (Bao Qi Yi Yi), and even the Gao brother of Kongmen also killed me and changed the goods (年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后光年后Second, he was highly concerned about the internal political and criminal law [②], and the invasion was growing more and more. For example, Duke Ai of Lu Ai had “lack of stools” (“Yang Jing”), Ji’s family “was the chief’s mansion” (“Xian Jing”), and Zang Wenzhong “lived in Cai, and was full of evil in the mountains” (“Gong Ye Chief”), “The Legend of the Condor Heroes” (“The Spirit of the Spirit”), and even Confucius’s Gao brother Ran Qiu gathered for Ji’s family (“The Advanced”). In the external world, they defeated each other and even suffered from the spirit, just like Lu’s “Strike Jun Yu” (“Ji”), and “Zuo Ji” further details the “Invasion of sixty, attacking two hundred and three, fighting twenty-three, forty, and entering twenty-seven”[③].